The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan that occurred throughout the liberation war in Bangladesh from 3 Dec 1971 to the fall of the national capital on 16 Dec 1971.
The war began with preventative aerial strikes on eleven Indian air stations, that led to the commencement of hostilities with Pakistan and Indian entry into the war of independence in the People’s Republic of Bangladesh on the side of Bengali nationalist forces. Lasting just thirteen days, it’s one amongst the shortest wars in history.
During the war, Indian and Pakistani militaries at the same time clashed on the eastern and western fronts; the war terminated when the Eastern Command of the Pakistan military signed the Instrument of Surrender on 16 Dec 1971 in the national capital, marking the formation of East Pakistan as the new nation of Bangladesh.
Officially Bangladesh had earlier immersed its secession from the unity of Pakistan on 26 March 1971. roughly 90,000 to 93,000 Pakistani servicemen were taken captive by the Indian Army, including 79,676 to 81,000 uniformed personnel of the Pakistan military, as well as some Bengali soldiers who had remained loyal to Pakistan.
The remaining 10,324 to 12,500 prisoners were civilians, either relation of the military personnel or collaborators (razakars). it’s estimated that between 300,000 and 3,000,000 civilians were killed in Bangladesh. As a result of the conflict, a further eight to ten million civilians fled the country to seek refuge in India.
During the 1971 Bangladesh war for independence, members of the Pakistani military and supporting Islamist militias known as the Razakars raped between 200,000 and 400,000 Bangladeshi ladies and girls during a systematic campaign of genocidal rape.
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